One of the types of solid industrial waste, specifically, granite cutting waste (GCW), is produced by extracting and cutting/polishing granite stone into the desired shapes 3, 4. For these reasons, the management of industrial waste and by-products is a growing field of research, which requires to define the optimization of sustainable manufacturing and waste generation 2. According to Eurostat data 1, in 2018, the total waste generated in the European Union amounted to more than 2.3 billion metric tons, of which, about 180 million tons (10.6%) was represented by waste stemming from manufacturing activities. The increasing needs of the society in the light of the growing economy and industrial development causes intensive consumption of natural resources and generation of even more waste. These results were confirmed by XRD, STA, and SEM analysis. It was determined that the composition of the initial mixture impacts the hydration rate of synthetic eco-friendly cement however, it did not affect the mineralogical composition of the hydration products.
Additionally, the sequence of compounds formation during the first day of hydration was analyzed. The best results of hydration were obtained with the eco-friendly cement which was produced by using mixtures with silica gel waste: three exothermic reactions were observed in the heat evolution curve, while the cumulative heat was equal to 264 J/g after 72 h.
Microcalorimetry analysis was performed for the investigation of early stage hydration. It was determined that the optimal sintering temperature for eco-friendly cement is 1100 ☌ because the primary compounds were fully reacted, and hydraulic active compounds were dominant in the products.
The eco-friendly cement was synthesized within the 1000–1250 ☌ temperature range when the targeted composition was 60% of belite, 20% of ye’elimite, and 20% of brownmillerite. In this work, the optimal conditions of the synthesis of eco-friendly cement by using industrial wastes as well as the peculiarities of its early stage hydration were investigated.
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